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Do you know why pressure vessels are designed with these strange shapes?
Release time:
Jul 28,2024
Today, let me talk to you about the design of pressure vessels, why are they made into these strange shapes, and what are the reasons behind them? Do you know under what circumstances a pressure vessel should be made into a spherical shape? Let's open up the world of pressure vessels together today!
A pressure vessel is a closed equipment that contains gas or liquid and carries a certain pressure. It is usually composed of a cylinder, a head, flanges, sealing elements, openings, connecting pipes, supports, and other internal components. There are many classification methods for pressure vessels, mainly including cylindrical vessels, spherical vessels, rectangular vessels, and combination vessels according to geometric shapes.
Shape classification is the most intuitive way to classify pressure vessel types, so today, Dr. Materials will explain the differences and functions of pressure vessels with different shapes based on shape classification.
1. Cylindrical pressure vessel
The basic structure of a cylindrical pressure vessel consists of a cylinder head, connecting pipes, manholes, and supports. Its main advantages are easy manufacturing and convenient installation of internal process components. Therefore, its production and usage are larger than those of spherical and square containers.
Cylindrical containers are used in petroleum, liquefaction, and other fields. Generally, small liquefied petroleum gas storage tanks are made into cylindrical shapes, while large tanks are made using different geometric containers.
2. Spherical container
A spherical container, also known as a spherical tank, has a spherical shell. It is an effective and economical pressure vessel for storing and transporting various gases, liquids, and liquefied gases.
Compared with cylindrical containers, the main advantages are: uniform force distribution; Under the same wall thickness conditions, the load-bearing capacity of a spherical tank is the highest, and under the same volume conditions, the surface area of a spherical container is the smallest. Due to the small wall thickness and surface area, it generally saves more steel than a cylindrical container. The main disadvantage is that manufacturing and construction are relatively complex. Widely used in fields such as chemical, petroleum, refining, shipbuilding, and urban gas industry.
3. Rectangular container
Rectangular containers, also known as square containers, generally carry gases or liquids with lower pressure. Nowadays, the shape design of such containers is relatively rare because square containers are prone to deformation and accidents, and the cost of designing rectangular containers is higher than that of circular containers. Therefore, rectangular containers are relatively rare nowadays.
However, square containers have an advantage in that they have sufficient stability and firmness, making them suitable for storing or transporting sensitive powder materials.
The above are several commonly used shapes of pressure vessels, which have a wide range of applications and play important roles in industry, civilian use, military industry, etc. It is most commonly used in the chemical and petrochemical industries, such as this air compressor. Various specialized compressors and auxiliary equipment for refrigeration compressors, such as coolers, buffers, oil-water separators, gas storage tanks, evaporators, liquid refrigerant storage tanks, etc., all belong to pressure vessels.
The final design of a pressure vessel is closely related to its calculation and application direction. Carelessness can not only increase the manufacturing cost of the vessel, but also easily lead to accidents. Therefore, relevant departments should also pay attention to the design of pressure vessels.
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